Men’s Health Day takes place every year on October 28 to remind people of the importance of men’s health. Many medical studies show that the average life expectancy of men is shorter than that of women. There are more and more conditions that continue to affect men physically and mentally. Prostate cancer is one of the major concerns for men.

According to the study conducted by the Centre for Health Protection, prostate cancer is the third most prevalent cancer among men in Hong Kong. The number of new cases has been rising in recent years. The vast majority of prostate cancer patients are over 60 years old, with more than half developing the disease when over 70 years old. Prostate cancer is asymptomatic in the early stage. As the tumours grow or metastasise, they may cause frequent urination, nocturia, urinary hesitancy, painful urination or ejaculation, or blood in the urine or semen. If the cancer cells spread to the bones, pelvis or spine, patients may experience painful or stiff sensations, tiredness, poor appetite, and gradual weight loss.

What are the risk factors of prostate cancer? Age is the main one. Most prostate cancer patients are over the age of 65. Secondly, race and diet. Men in Western countries are at a higher risk of the condition than Asians, and African Americans are at a higher risk of the condition than white people. However, the incidence rate of black people living in Africa is relatively low. It is therefore believed that the incidence of prostate cancer is intertwined with the conventional occidental high-fat diet. Thirdly, physical inactivity. Keeping active reduces the risk of cancer. Recent studies have shown that exercise can also slow down the progression of prostate cancer in patients. Fourthly, family medical history. People may have an increased risk of getting prostate cancer by 2 times if they have a first-degree relative (father or brother etc.) who had prostate cancer.

All men should be aware of any changes in their bodies and seek immediate medical attention if they experience any abnormalities due to prostate problems. If prostate cancer is diagnosed, there are still a number of treatment options available, including surgery, electrotherapy, hormone therapy, etc. The doctor will provide professional advice depending on the situation.