The liver tissue of a normal person contains a small amount of fat, and its weight is about 4% to 5% of the liver weight. If the liver fat accumulates too much, exceeds 10% or even 15% of the liver weight, it is called fatty liver. However, there are no obvious symptoms in the early stage of fatty liver, and most people are prone to missed the diagnosis of fatty liver even if they undergo routine physical examinations. So, what tests do fatty liver need to be done?
一、腹部超音波掃描(Abdominal Ultrasonography)
腹部超音波是診斷脂肪肝最普遍的工具,可以檢查出肝臟有無脂肪肝、纖維化、肝硬化、腫瘤。診斷所用之標準包括:肝實質與右腎皮質間亮度對比,肝門脈、肝靜脈、及膽囊壁個別被遮掩之程度,深部肝組織音影衰減之程度等。臨床以超音波檢查診斷脂肪肝的準確率高,但超音波對肝臟纖維化判斷完全仰賴醫師的經驗,是主觀性的判斷,故不同醫生的判讀結果會有落差。
二、肝臟功能血液檢驗(Liver function tests)
- 肝功能指數(GPT、GOT)
- 總膽紅素
- 直接膽紅素
- 轉磷酵素
- 丙麩氨轉肽酶(γ-GT)
- 鹼性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase, ALP)
- 血清總蛋白
- 血清白蛋白
- 白蛋白/球蛋白比率
- B型肝炎表面抗原及抗體
- C型肝炎抗體等。
一般而言,脂肪肝患者之血清 GOT/GPT 數值可能正常,即使升高,通常在上限值之二至三倍以內,很少會超過五倍。若欲分辨酒精性或非酒精性脂肪肝,則可參考血清 γ- GT 的數值;酒精性患者其 γ- GT 值會異常生高,遠超過血清鹼性磷酸酶數值之上升幅度。
三、肝臟穿刺檢查(Live Biopsy)
The above information is for reference only. Consult your doctor if you have any doubt.
Source: https://bit.ly/3iMXV85